• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An invention relates to recycling industrial side streams and water purification. The invention concerns a system (500) for purification of an industrial side stream. The system comprises a swirl filter (101) for receiving the industrial side stream and a first chamber (102), a second chamber (103), and a swirl filter outlet (104) arranged in the swirl filter such that the industrial side stream can flow via a first inlet (105) into the first chamber and from the first chamber via a second inlet (106) into the second chamber and from the second chamber to the swirl filter outlet. The system further comprises a piece of geotextile (109) for filtering particles from the industrial side stream such that the piece of geotextile is arranged at the second inlet (106) to halt the particles thereat and to increase amount of the particles sinking onto a first chamber bottom (108).
    公开号:FI20187091A1
    申请号:FI20187091
    申请日:2018-07-02
    公开日:2020-01-03
    发明作者:Henri Laine
    申请人:Redono Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Method and system for purification of industrial side stream
    Area of technology: an invention relates to recycling industrial side streams and water purification; the invention especially relates to systems to purify industrial side streams.
    Background of the technology
    Industrial CO2 emissions and side streams may overload the environment and effect negatively to natural ecosystems. The industrial CO2 emissions include carbons which microalgae require for effective growth. If CO2 emissions or industrial side streams are processed in an appropriate manner, they can be utilized for growing a microalgae population and for purifying water.
    Alternatively, CO2 emissions or industrial side streams can function as a resource in hydroponic gardening where plants grow without soil. An industrial side stream may provide fertilizers for the hydroponic gardening and simultaneously the water included in the industrial side stream is purified.
    Most industrial side streams are as such inappropriate as liquid nutrients or fertilizers for a microalgae or plant population. For example, an industrial side stream may include too much ammonium and thus the industrial side stream must be pre-treated before it can be utilized. The following publications represent the prior art solution for purification of industrial side streams for various purposes.
    DE2259788 describes a method of growing algae and simultaneously purifying biodegradable waste material. The method comprises aerating and agitating an aqueous admixture of algae and waste material.
    CN103739075 describes a treatment method of waste water. According to the treatment method, a mixture of the three kings of algae is capable of removing substances in different forms, such as nitrogen and phosphor, from the waste water.
    CN106140738 describes an arrangement for nitrogen and phosphorus utilization, wherein the nitrogen and phosphorus is obtained from rural domestic sewage. The arrangement comprises a bio filter and filtering by a gravel layers, coarse sand, and fine sand.
    A drawback of the prior art solutions is that an industrial side stream may include a great amount of small-sized particles and ammonium ions that prevent use of the prior art solutions or make them inefficient. In other words, the small-sized particles should be first filtered and the ammonium ions should be removed before guiding the industrial side stream 5 to a microalgae or plant population.
    20187091 prh 02 -07- 2018
    Summary of the invention
    An aspect of the invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawback and to enhance filtering of particles and removing of ammonium ions from an industrial side stream.
    Another aspect is purifying the water included in the industrial side stream.
    Another aspect is a local eco-friendly water treatment plant by reducing wastewater treatment costs in an environmental friendly manner.
    Another aspect is that a local industrial side stream is pre-treated by filtering of particles and by removing of ammonium ions, after which the nutrients and/or fertilizers included in the local industrial side stream are provided to a microalgae and/or plant population. Thus, there is at least one motivation for purifying of industrial side stream: microalgae cultivation, plant cultivation, and/or water purification.
    The invention concerns a method for purification of an industrial side stream, the method comprising receiving the industrial side stream into a swirl filter comprising a first chamber, a second chamber, and a swirl filter outlet arranged such that the industrial side stream can flow via a first inlet into the first chamber and from the first chamber via a second inlet into the second chamber and from the second chamber to the swirl filter outlet.
    The method further comprises filtering particles from the industrial side stream by a piece of geotextile such that the piece of geotextile is arranged at the second inlet to halt the particles thereat and to increase amount of the particles sinking onto a first chamber bottom.
    In one embodiment of the method, the second inlet into the second chamber has such position that the second inlet is located above and opposite to the first chamber bottom, and said position causes a vertical flow in the first chamber towards the second inlet and gravity effects to the opposite direction than the vertical flow and thus removes the particles from the surface of the piece of geotextile and prevents blocking of apertures on the piece of geotextile.
    In one embodiment, the method comprises removing ammonium ions from the industrial side stream by a bio filter coupled directly or indirectly to the swirl filter outlet, the bio filter containing a substrate for such nitrification bacteria that are capable to transform ammonium to nitrite or nitrate.
    In one embodiment, the method comprises, before said filtering of the particles, performing an electrochemical oxidation for the industrial side stream by an electrochemical oxidation reactor.
    In one embodiment, the method comprises, before said removing of the ammonium ions, performing the electrochemical oxidation for the industrial side stream.
    In one embodiment, the method comprises, before said removing of the ammonium ions, fine filtering particles from the industrial side stream by a fine filter.
    In one embodiment, the method comprises, before said removing of ammonium ions, sterilizing the industrial side stream by an ultraviolet light emitter.
    In one embodiment, the method comprises, after said removing of ammonium ions, using at least one of the following cultivations: a microalgae cultivation, a plant cultivation.
    The invention further concerns a system for purification of an industrial side stream, the system comprising a swirl filter for receiving the industrial side stream, and a first chamber, a second chamber, and a swirl filter outlet are arranged in the swirl filter such that the industrial side stream can flow via a first inlet into the first chamber and from the first chamber via a second inlet into the second chamber and from the second chamber to the swirl filter outlet.
    The system further comprises a piece of geotextile for filtering particles from the industrial side stream such that the piece of geotextile is arranged at the second inlet to halt the particles thereat and to increase amount of the particles sinking onto a first chamber bottom.
    In one embodiment of the system, the second inlet into the second chamber has such position that the second inlet is located above and opposite to the first chamber bottom, and said position causes a vertical flow in the first chamber towards the second inlet and gravity effects to the opposite direction than the vertical flow and thus removes the particles from the surface of the piece of geotextile and prevents blocking of apertures on the piece of geotextile.
    In one embodiment, the system comprises a bio filter for removing ammonium ions from the industrial side stream, and the bio filter is coupled directly or indirectly to the swirl filter outlet and the bio filter contains a substrate for such nitrification bacteria that are capable to transform ammonium to nitrite or nitrate.
    Brief description of the drawings
    For a more complete understanding of examples and embodiments of the present invention, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:
    FIGURE 1A shows a swirl filter including a piece of geotextile.
    FIGURE IB shows another version of a swirl filter.
    FIGURE 2A shows a bio filter including a substrate for nitrification bacteria.
    FIGURE 2B shows another bio filter arrangement.
    FIGURE 3 shows a method for purification of an industrial side stream.
    FIGURE 4 shows optional method steps.
    FIGURE 5 shows a system for purification of an industrial side stream.
    FIGURE 6 shows an embodiment of the purification system.
    20187091 prh 02 -07- 2018
    Detailed description of the invention
    It is appreciated that the following embodiments are exemplary. Although the specification may refer to “one” embodiment, the reference is not necessarily made to the same embodiments), or the feature in question may apply to multiple embodiments.
    FIGURE 1A shows a cross-section of a swirl filter 101. Swirl filter 101 includes a first chamber 102, a second chamber 103, and a swirl filter outlet 104 arranged such that an industrial side stream can flow via a first inlet 105 into first chamber 102 and from first chamber 102 via a second inlet 106 into second chamber 103, and finally from second chamber 103 to swirl filter outlet 104.
    In one embodiment first inlet 105 is positioned such that the industrial side stream flows along an outer surface of first chamber 102 and thus forms swirls inside first chamber 102. A pump, for example, causes a vertical flow 107 in first chamber 102 towards second inlet 106, i.e. upwards from the ground. When the largest particles hit towards the outer surface of first chamber 102 and to themselves, their velocities decrease more than the velocities of smaller or lighter particles. Because the velocities of the largest or heaviest particles decrease, they sink due to the gravity onto a first chamber bottom 108. Swirl filter 101 further includes a piece of geotextile 109 such that piece of geotextile 109 is arranged at second inlet 106 in order to increase amount of the particles sinking onto first chamber bottom 108. Piece of geotextile 109 stops particles which would otherwise enter via second inlet 106 into second chamber 103 and possible further. Therefore, piece of geotextile 109 enhances the capability of swirl filter 101 to filter particles.
    In one embodiment a geotextile has such feature that its aperture size diminishes to one fifth of the original size when the geotextile gets wet. Therefore, the smaller or lighter particles, which could penetrate apertures of piece of geotextile 109 and enter into second chamber 103 of swirl filter 101, will sink due to the gravity onto first chamber bottom 108.
    In one embodiment second inlet 106 into second chamber 103 is located opposite to first chamber bottom 108 and above first chamber bottom 108. Because second inlet 106 is positioned in this manner, gravity effects to the opposite direction than vertical flow 107 and the gravity removes particles from the surface of piece of geotextile 109 and prevents blocking of the apertures of the geotextile.
    20187091 prh 02 -07- 2018
    FIGURE IB shows another version of swirl filter 101. A first difference is that second inlet 106 and piece of geotextile 109 covering it are placed in proximity of the upper edge of first chamber 102. Thus, an employee can easily remove piece of geotextile 109 by detaching a lid 111 and by opening a clamp ring 112. Lid 111 covers the upper edge of first chamber 102 and clamp ring 112 holds piece of geotextile 109 at second inlet 106. After opening clamp ring 112 the employee can replace piece of geotextile 109 with a new one. If the geotextile is quite new, the employee just wipes its surface. The position of piece of geotextile 109 in proximity of the upper edge of first chamber 102 makes the maintenance work slightly easier than in swirl filter 101 of Fig. 1 A.
    A second difference is also related to the maintenance work. In Fig. IB, first chamber bottom 108 has a shape of funnel and a faucet 113 is arranged at the narrow part of the funnel. Particles form sediment 114 on first chamber bottom 108 and inside the narrow part of the funnel. Sediment 114 can be removed from swirl filter 101 by momentarily opening faucet 113. Swirl filter 101 comprises legs 115 which hold it above a container 116.
    Sediment 114 and a small portion of water flow into container 116 when faucet 113 is opened. In one embodiment faucet 113 is an automated faucet that is programmed to momentarily open and let sediment 114 to flow into container 116. In one embodiment faucet 113 is programmed to momentarily open once within 24 hours.
    FIGURE 2A shows a bio filter 201 including a substrate 202 for nitrification bacteria. In this example substrate 202 is composed of bio balls such as a bio ball 203. The bio balls provide a large surface for nitrification bacteria that are capable to remove ammonium from the industrial side stream.
    Bio filter 201 further includes three layers for fine filtering such that a first layer 204 is the topmost layer and a second layer 205 is located between first layer 204 and a third layer 25 206. Substrate 202 is located below the third layer 206 at the bottom of bio filter 201.
    Bio filter 201 can be coupled directly or indirectly to the swirl filter outlet to receive via a bio filter inlet 207 the industrial side steam. The industrial side steam enters first into first layer 204 operating as a coarse filter. Then the industrial side steam flows due to the gravity into second layer 205 operating as a medium filter, and finally it flows into third layer 30 206 operating as a fine filter.
    20187091 prh 02 -07- 2018
    Thus, the fine filtering is performed before the industrial side stream flows into substrate 202. The fine filtering enhances the capability of the nitrification bacteria to remove the ammonium ions from the industrial side stream. In addition to layers 204-206 and substrate 202 for nitrification bacteria, bio filter 201 comprises an ultraviolet light emitter, i.e. UV emitter 208. After treatment in UV emitter 208 the industrial side stream leaves bio filter 201 via a bio filter outlet 209.
    FIGURE 2B shows an alternative arrangement for bio filter 201. In this arrangement, substrate 202 for nitrification bacteria is separated from at least one filter layer, and UV emitter 208 is arranged such that the industrial side stream is UV sterilized before it enters into substrate 202. A benefit of the arrangement is that the nitrification bacteria in substrate 202 do not need to compete with other bacteria, or other life forms, because the UV sterilization terminates the possible competitors of the nitrification bacteria.
    Compared to Fig. 2A, substrate 202 is placed here in another barrel than layers 204206 intended for filtering. First layer 204 is the topmost layer in a barrel 211, and second layer 205 is located between first layer 204 and third layer 206. The industrial side stream enters via a barrel inlet 212 into barrel 211, passes layers 204-206, exits barrel 212 via a barrel outlet 213, and enters into UV emitter 208 for the sterilization.
    After UV emitter 208, the industrial side stream enters via UV emitter outlet 214 to bio filter inlet 207. Bio filter 201 receives the industrial side stream through bio filter inlet 207. Bio filter 201 includes bio balls, such as bio ball 203, operating as substrate 202 for nitrification bacteria.
    Finally, the industrial side stream exits bio filter 201 via bio filter outlet 209.
    FIGURE 3 shows a method 300 for purification of industrial side stream. The method comprises receiving 301 the industrial side stream into a swirl filter, such as swirl filter 101 shown in Fig. 1A or IB. The swirl filter comprises a first chamber, a second chamber, and a swirl filter outlet arranged such that the industrial side stream can flow via a first inlet into the first chamber and from the first chamber via a second inlet into the second chamber and from the second chamber to the swirl filter outlet.
    20187091 prh 02 -07- 2018
    Method 300 further comprises filtering 302 particles from the industrial side stream. Filtering 302 is performed by a piece of geotextile such that the piece of geotextile is arranged at the second inlet in order to increase amount of the particles sinking onto a first chamber bottom. The piece of geotextile stops such particles which are too large to flow through holes of the piece of geotextile into the second chamber.
    The original, and sometimes used, term for geotextiles is filter fabrics. They are permeable fabrics which have a capability to filter particles. Geotextiles are typically made from polypropylene or polyester. Woven geotextiles are made by weaving individual threads or tapes of material on a loom to create a large sheet. The advantages of woven over non10 woven is that the membrane itself is stronger overall, slightly stiffer and a little cheaper. Nonwoven geotextiles are made by needle-punching or heat-bonding synthetic fibres together to create a single sheet. They are generally used when a lesser load capacity is required.
    Various products such as geogrids and meshes have been developed. Geotextiles provides an interface for filtration such that particles are separated from an industrial side 15 stream. A portion of these particles is halted on the surface of the piece of geotextile and another portion of the particles is halted inside the piece of geotextile. The piece of geotextile includes apertures and the particles halted inside the piece of geotextile make the apertures smaller and thus a greater amount of particles will be halted on the geotextile surface. The geotextile apertures, however, become blocked, if a lot of particles are gathered on the apertures. As illustrated in Fig. 1A and IB, second inlet 106 and piece of geotextile 109 can be positioned such that gravity effect plumb downwards from piece of geotextile 109. In other words, the gravity effects to the opposite direction than vertical flow 107. Then the gravity removes, in the most effective manner, particles from the surface of piece of geotextile 109 and prevents the blocking of the geotextile apertures.
    The following example describes a geotextile and its features and properties. The example geotextile is made of polypropylene (PP) and it is type of mono-filament woven geotextile. The geotextile has round strands that are extruded, and it is composed of hightenacity yams. The yarns are woven into a network such that they retain their relative position. Mono-filament woven geotextiles suit for applications where both strength and filtration are a concern.
    The table in the below contains properties of the example geotextile.
    PROPERTIESUNITNOMINAL VALUEMass per unit areag/m2 480Tensile strengthkN/m80Elongation%25Apparent aperture sizemm0.41Permitivitysec1 NAWater flow ratel/min/m2 160Trapezoidal tear strengthkN0.72
    20187091 prh 02 -07- 2018
    FIGURE 4 shows optional method steps. In one embodiment, method 300 comprises removing 401 ammonium ions from the industrial side stream. Removing 401 is performed by 5 a bio filter, such as bio filter 201 shown in Fig. 2A or 2B, coupled directly or indirectly to the swirl filter outlet. The bio filter contains a substrate for such nitrification bacteria that are capable to transform ammonium (NH+ 4) to nitrite (NO2) or nitrate (NO3).
    The following optional method steps (402-405) can enhance the purification of the industrial side stream.
    In one embodiment, method 300 comprises, before filtering 302 of the particles, performing 402 an electrochemical oxidation for the industrial side stream by an electrochemical oxidation reactor, shortly a reactor.
    In one embodiment, method 300 comprises, before removing 401 of the ammonium ions, performing 402 the electrochemical oxidation for the industrial side stream by the electrochemical oxidation reactor (step 402 can be performed either before filtering 302 or before removing 401). This filtering 302 of the particles and/or removing 401 of the ammonium ions is more effective after performing 402 the electrochemical oxidation.
    ίο
    20187091 prh 02 -07- 2018
    In one embodiment, method 300 comprises, before removing 401 of the ammonium ions, fine filtering 403 (small-sized) particles from the industrial side stream by a fine filter. The fine filter comprises at least layer 206 discussed in the above.
    In one embodiment, method 300 comprises, before removing 401 of ammonium ions, sterilizing 404 the industrial side stream by an ultraviolet light emitter, i.e. terminating an unwanted bacteria or organism therein. This embodiment terminates possible competitors of nitrification bacteria, before they enter into a substrate of the nitrification bacteria, and thus the nitrification bacteria can remove the ammonium ions more effectively.
    In one embodiment, method 300 comprises, after removing 401 of ammonium ions, using 405 at least one of the following cultivations: a microalgae cultivation, a plant cultivation. Because the industrial side stream includes liquid nutrients and/or fertilizers, using 405 of the cultivation(s) removes some portion of the liquid nutrients and/or fertilizers and thus purifies the industrial side stream.
    In one embodiment, method 300 comprises, before using 405 (one or more cultivations), sterilizing 404 the industrial side stream by an ultraviolet light emitter. Then cultivation(s) is more productive.
    FIGURE 5 shows a minimum version of a system 500 for purification of an industrial side stream. System 500 comprises swirl filter 101, such as swirl filter shown in Fig. 1A or IB, and piece of geotextile 109 for filtering particles from the industrial side 20 stream such that piece of geotextile 109 is arranged at second inlet 106 to halt the particles thereat and to increase amount of the particles sinking onto first chamber bottom 108.
    In one embodiment system 500 is configured to perform any of optional method steps from receiving 401 to using 405 cultivation(s).
    In one embodiment system 500 comprises bio filter 201 for removing ammonium ions from the industrial side stream and bio filter 201 is coupled directly swirl filter outlet 104. The coupling of swirl filter 101 and bio filter 201 is performed with a hose or a pipe. In this embodiment system 500 is configured to perform receiving 301 an industrial side stream into swirl filter 101, filtering 302 particles from the industrial side stream by piece of geotextile 109, and removing 401 ammonium ions by bio filter 201.
    FIGURE 6 shows an embodiment of system 500, wherein system 500 comprises bio filter 201 for removing ammonium ions from the industrial side stream and wherein bio filter 201 is coupled indirectly swirl filter outlet 104. In other words, swirl filter outlet 104 is coupled to fine filter 206, fine filter 206 is coupled to UV emitter 208, and UV emitter 208 is 5 coupled to bio filter 201.
    In this embodiment system 500 is configured to perform receiving 301 an industrial side stream into swirl filter 101, filtering 302 particles from the industrial side stream by piece of geotextile 109, fine filtering 403 particles from the industrial side stream by fine filter 206, sterilizing 404 the industrial side stream by UV emitter 208, and removing 401 ammonium 10 ions by bio filter 201.
    In one embodiment, system 500 comprises, in addition to swirl filter 101 and piece of geotextile 109, at least one of the following devices: bio filter 201, fine filter 206, UV emitter 208, or an electrochemical oxidation reactor 601.
    In one embodiment, system 500 is capable for performing 402 an electrochemical oxidation for the industrial side stream by using electrochemical oxidation reactor 601.
    In one embodiment, system 500 is configured to lead the industrial side stream from bio filter 201 into a tank intended for the microalgae cultivation or the plant cultivation.
    While the present invention has been described in connection with a number of exemplary embodiments, and implementations, the present invention is not so limited, but 20 rather covers various modifications, and equivalent arrangements, which fall within the purview of prospective claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1] 1. A method for purification of an industrial side stream, the method comprising receiving (301) the industrial side stream into a swirl filter comprising a first chamber, a second chamber, and a swirl filter outlet arranged such that the industrial side
    5 stream can flow via a first inlet into the first chamber and from the first chamber via a second inlet into the second chamber and from the second chamber to the swirl filter outlet, characterized in that the method further comprises filtering (302) particles from the industrial side stream by a piece of geotextile such that the piece of geotextile is arranged at the second inlet to halt the particles thereat and to 10 increase amount of the particles sinking onto a first chamber bottom.
    [2] 2. The method as claimed in claim 1,characterized in that the method comprises removing (401) ammonium ions from the industrial side stream by a bio filter coupled directly or indirectly to the swirl filter outlet, the bio filter containing a substrate for 15 such nitrification bacteria that are capable to transform ammonium to nitrite or nitrate.
    [3] 3. The method as claimed in claim 1,characterized in that the method comprises, before said filtering (302) of the particles, performing (402) an electrochemical oxidation for the industrial side stream by an electrochemical oxidation reactor.
    20
    [4] 4. The method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the method comprises, before said removing (401) of the ammonium ions, performing (402) an electrochemical oxidation for the industrial side stream by an electrochemical oxidation reactor.
    [5] 5. The method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the method
    25 comprises, before said removing (401) of the ammonium ions, fine filtering (403) particles from the industrial side stream by a fine filter.
    20187091 prh 02 -07- 2018
    [6] 6. The method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the method comprises, before said removing (401) of the ammonium ions, sterilizing (404) the industrial side stream by an ultraviolet light emitter.
    [7] 7. The method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the method
    5 comprises, after said removing (401) of ammonium ions, using (405) the industrial side stream in at least one of the following cultivations: a microalgae cultivation, a plant cultivation.
    [8] 8. A system (500) for purification of an industrial side stream, the system comprising a swirl filter (101) for receiving the industrial side stream and a first chamber (102),
    10 a second chamber (103), and a swirl filter outlet (104) are arranged in the swirl filter (101) such that the industrial side stream can flow via a first inlet (105) into the first chamber and from the first chamber via a second inlet (106) into the second chamber and from the second chamber to the swirl filter outlet, characterized in that the system further comprises
    15 a piece of geotextile (109) for filtering particles from the industrial side stream such that the piece of geotextile is arranged at the second inlet (106) to halt the particles thereat and to increase amount of the particles sinking onto a first chamber bottom (108).
    [9] 9. The system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the second inlet (106) into the second chamber (103) has such position that the second inlet is located above
    20 and opposite to the first chamber bottom (108), and said position causes a vertical flow (107) in the first chamber (102) towards the second inlet (106) and gravity effects to the opposite direction than the vertical flow (107) and thus removes the particles from the surface of the piece of geotextile (109) and prevents blocking of apertures on the piece of geotextile.
    [10] 10. The system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the system
    25 comprises a bio filter (201) for removing ammonium ions from the industrial side stream, and the bio filter is coupled directly or indirectly to the swirl filter outlet (104) and the bio filter contains a substrate (202) for such nitrification bacteria that are capable to transform ammonium to nitrite or nitrate.
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    FI129313B|2021-11-30|
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    2021-09-14| FD| Application lapsed|
    2021-11-18| P71A| Reinstatment acc. sect. 71a patents act|
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    优先权:
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